Arboviruses and Muscle Disorders: From Disease to Cell Biology

Claudia Filippone (1, 2) , Vincent Legros (1, 3) , Patricia Jeannin (1) , Valérie Choumet (4) , Gillian Butler-Browne (5) , Jim Zoladek (1) , Vincent Mouly (5) , Antoine Gessain (1) , Pierre-Emmanuel Ceccaldi (1)

1 EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3) - Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes / Oncogenic Virus Epidemiology and Pathophysiology
2 IPM - Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar]
3 CIRI - Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie
4 CIBU - Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats
5 Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM

Infections due to arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses) have dramatically increased worldwide during the last few years. In humans, symptoms associated with acute infection of most arboviruses are often described as "dengue-like syndrome", including fever, rash, conjunctivitis, arthralgia, and muscular symptoms such as myalgia, myositis, or rhabdomyolysis. In some cases, muscular symptoms may persist over months, especially following flavivirus and alphavirus infections. However, in humans the cellular targets of infection in muscle have been rarely identified. Animal models provide insights to elucidate pathological mechanisms through studying viral tropism, viral-induced inflammation, or potential viral persistence in the muscle compartment. The tropism of arboviruses for muscle cells as well as the viral-induced cytopathic effect and cellular alterations can be confirmed in vitro using cellular models. This review describes the link between muscle alterations and arbovirus infection, and the underlying mechanisms.

Mots clés: alphavirus; arbovirus; flavivirus; myoblasts; myopathy; myositis; pathophysiology

Domaines: Microbiologie et Parasitologie; Biologie cellulaire

Claudia Filippone, Vincent Legros, Patricia Jeannin, Valérie Choumet, Gillian Butler-Browne, et al.. Arboviruses and Muscle Disorders: From Disease to Cell Biology. Viruses, 2020, 12 (6), pp.E616. ⟨10.3390/v12060616⟩. ⟨hal-02905586⟩