Chikungunya Outbreak — Cambodia, February–March 2012

Sowath Ly (1) , Sopheak Sorn (1) , Arnaud Tarantola (1) , Lydie Canier (2) , Philippe Buchy (3) , Veasna Duong (3) , Ilin Chuang (4) , Steve Newell (4) , Sovann Ly (5) , Touch Sok (5) , Vandy Som (5) , Char Meng Chuor (5) , Chantha Ngan (5) , Som Leakhann (6) , Maria Concepcion Roces (7)

1 Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique [Phnom Penh]
2 Institut Pasteur du Cambodge
3 Unité de Virologie / Virology Unit [Phnom Penh]
4 US Naval Medical Research Unit n°2
5 CNM - National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control [Phnom Penh, Cambodia]
6 Kampong Speu Provincial Health Department
7 WHO - World Health Organization [Phnom Penh]

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus transmitted to humans through the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. CHIKV causes fever and usually is not fatal, but can cause debilitating joint pains or, in rare instances, severe illness. The East/Central/South African strain of chikungunya has been emerging in Asia since 2006, first in the Indian subcontinent, then Thailand. This report describes the characteristics of a local outbreak linked with chikungunya reemergence in a rural Asian setting. Sporadic cases of chikungunya were identified in Cambodia in 2011. Antibodies to CHIKV have been detected in serum collected in Cambodia in 2007, but the strain could not be identified for those cases (U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit 2, unpublished data, 2012). On March 7, 2012, several cases of rash with fever were reported among village residents of Trapeang Roka in Kampong Speu Province, Cambodia. Subsequent field investigation revealed that four of six blood samples from affected persons were positive for CHIKV by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) at U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit 2 in Phnom Penh. Investigators from the Cambodian Communicable Disease Control Department, National Malaria Center, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge (IPC), local health centers, and village authorities conducted a seroprevalence study of village residents on March 26 to gather information for response planning and control efforts. The outbreak affected families throughout the village, and 44.7% of the population tested had evidence of infection by CHIKV, which affected all age groups. Public health agencies and policymakers in affected and nearby unaffected areas of Asia and elsewhere should be alert to the potential spread and reemergence of CHIKV.

Domaines: Maladies infectieuses

Sowath Ly, Sopheak Sorn, Arnaud Tarantola, Lydie Canier, Philippe Buchy, et al.. Chikungunya Outbreak — Cambodia, February–March 2012. MMWR : Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2012, 61, pp.737-740. ⟨pasteur-01739407⟩