T. Lillebaek, A. Dirksen, A. Kok-jensen, and A. Andersen, A dominant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain emerging in Denmark, Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, vol.8, pp.1001-1006, 2004.

U. Dahle, P. Sandven, E. Heldal, and D. Caugant, Continued Low Rates of Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Norway, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol.41, issue.7, pp.2968-2973, 2003.
DOI : 10.1128/JCM.41.7.2968-2973.2003

B. Kan, I. Berggren, S. Ghebremichael, R. Bennet, and J. Bruchfeld, Extensive transmission of an isoniazid-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Sweden, Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, vol.12, pp.199-204, 2008.

S. Ghebremichael, R. Petersson, T. Koivula, A. Pennhag, and V. Romanus, Molecular epidemiology of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Sweden, Microbes and Infection, vol.10, issue.6, pp.699-705, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.micinf.2008.03.006

L. Sandegren, R. Groenheit, T. Koivula, S. Ghebremichael, and A. Advani, Genomic Stability over 9 Years of an Isoniazid Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Outbreak Strain in Sweden, PLoS ONE, vol.23, issue.Pt 11, p.16647, 2011.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0016647.s003

T. Lillebaek, A. Dirksen, I. Baess, B. Strunge, and V. Thomsen, after 33 Years of Latent Infection, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol.185, issue.3, pp.401-404, 2002.
DOI : 10.1086/338342

N. Winqvist, J. Bjork, H. Miorner, and P. Bjorkman, Long-term course of <I>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</I> infection in Swedish birth cohorts during the twentieth century, The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, vol.15, issue.6, pp.736-740, 2011.
DOI : 10.5588/ijtld.10.0683

N. Winqvist, Dynamics of tuberculosis infection in Sweden [Doktorsavhandling] . Malmö: Lunds universitet, 2011.

K. Brudey, J. Driscoll, L. Rigouts, W. Prodinger, and A. Gori, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex genetic diversity: mining the fourth international spoligotyping database (SpolDB4) for classification, population genetics and epidemiology, BMC Microbiology, vol.6, issue.1, p.23, 2006.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2180-6-23

J. Kamerbeek, L. Schouls, A. Kolk, M. Van-agterveld, and D. Van-soolingen, Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology, J Clin Microbiol, vol.35, pp.907-914, 1997.

J. Reyes, A. Francis, and M. Tanaka, Models of deletion for visualizing bacterial variation: an application to tuberculosis spoligotypes, BMC Bioinformatics, vol.9, issue.1, 2008.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2105-9-496

S. Sreevatsan, X. Pan, K. Stockbauer, N. Connell, and B. Kreiswirth, Restricted structural gene polymorphism in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex indicates evolutionarily recent global dissemination, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.94, issue.18, pp.9869-9874, 1997.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.94.18.9869

S. Gagneux and P. Small, Global phylogeography of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and implications for tuberculosis product development, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol.7, issue.5, pp.328-337, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/S1473-3099(07)70108-1

S. Gagneux, K. Deriemer, T. Van, M. Kato-maeda, and B. De-jong, Variable host-pathogen compatibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.103, issue.8, pp.2869-2873, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0511240103

R. Brosch, S. Gordon, M. Marmiesse, P. Brodin, and C. Buchrieser, complex, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.99, issue.6, pp.3684-3689, 2002.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.052548299

H. Soini, X. Pan, A. Amin, E. Graviss, and A. Siddiqui, Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from patients in Houston, Texas, by spoligotyping, J Clin Microbiol, vol.38, pp.669-676, 2000.

N. Rastogi and C. Sola, Molecular evolution of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex Amadeo Online Textbooks Available: http://www. tuberculosistextbook.com/index.htm. Accessed, 2007.

J. Van-embden, M. Cave, J. Crawford, J. Dale, and K. Eisenach, Strain identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by DNA fingerprinting: recommendations for a standardized methodology, J Clin Microbiol, vol.31, pp.406-409, 1993.

D. Van-soolingen, P. Hermans, P. De-haas, D. Soll, and J. Van-embden, Occurrence and stability of insertion sequences in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains: evaluation of an insertion sequence-dependent DNA polymorphism as a tool in the epidemiology of tuberculosis, J Clin Microbiol, vol.29, pp.2578-2586, 1991.

E. Grigg, The arcana of tuberculosis with a brief epidemiologic history of the disease in the U.S.A. IV, Am Rev Tuberc, vol.78, pp.583-603, 1958.

W. Kinander, T. Bruvik, and U. Dahle, Dominant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lineages in Elderly Patients Born in Norway, PLoS ONE, vol.4, issue.12, p.8373, 2009.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0008373.t001

C. Demay, B. Liens, T. Burguiere, V. Hill, and D. Couvin, SITVITWEB ??? A publicly available international multimarker database for studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology, Infection, Genetics and Evolution, vol.12, issue.4, pp.755-766, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.02.004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00691750

H. Fletcher, H. Donoghue, G. Taylor, A. Van-der-zanden, and M. Spigelman, Molecular analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA from a family of 18th century Hungarians, Microbiology, vol.149, issue.1, pp.143-151, 2003.
DOI : 10.1099/mic.0.25961-0

E. Abadia, M. Sequera, D. Ortega, M. Mendez, and A. Escalona, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ecology in Venezuela: epidemiologic correlates of common spoligotypes and a large clonal cluster defined by MIRU-VNTR-24, BMC Infectious Diseases, vol.46, issue.8, p.122, 2009.
DOI : 10.1128/JCM.00540-08

C. Molina-torres, E. Moreno-torres, J. Ocampo-candiani, A. Rendon, and K. Blackwood, Mycobacterium tuberculosis Spoligotypes in Monterrey, Mexico, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol.48, issue.2, pp.448-455, 2010.
DOI : 10.1128/JCM.01894-09
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00511722

P. Hermans, D. Van-soolingen, E. Bik, P. De-haas, and J. Dale, Insertion element IS987 from Mycobacterium bovis BCG is located in a hot-spot integration region for insertion elements in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains, Infect Immun, vol.59, pp.2695-2705, 1991.

E. Svensson, J. Millet, A. Lindqvist, M. Olsson, and M. Ridell, Impact of immigration on tuberculosis epidemiology in a low-incidence country, Clinical Microbiology and Infection, vol.17, issue.6, pp.881-887, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03358.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-00691768

S. Ghebremichael, R. Groenheit, A. Pennhag, T. Koivula, and E. Andersson, Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the Beijing Genotype Does Not Spread in Sweden, PLoS ONE, vol.47, issue.5, p.10893, 2010.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0010893.s001

O. Cosivi, F. Meslin, C. Daborn, and J. Grange, Epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infection in animals and humans, with particular reference to, Africa. Rev Sci Tech, vol.14, pp.733-746, 1995.

R. Szewzyk, S. Svenson, S. Hoffner, G. Bolske, and H. Wahlstrom, Molecular epidemiological studies of Mycobacterium bovis infections in humans and animals in Sweden, J Clin Microbiol, vol.33, pp.3183-3185, 1995.

N. Smith, S. Berg, J. Dale, A. Allen, and S. Rodriguez, European 1: A globally important clonal complex of Mycobacterium bovis, Infection, Genetics and Evolution, vol.11, issue.6, pp.1340-1351, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.04.027

I. Comas, S. Homolka, S. Niemann, and S. Gagneux, Genotyping of Genetically Monomorphic Bacteria: DNA Sequencing in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Highlights the Limitations of Current Methodologies, PLoS ONE, vol.18, issue.11, p.7815, 2009.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0007815.s006