V. Robert, H. Awono-ambene, and J. Thioulouse, Ecology of Larval Mosquitoes, with Special Reference to Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culcidae) in Market-Garden Wells in Urban Dakar, Senegal, Journal of Medical Entomology, vol.35, issue.6, pp.948-955, 1998.
DOI : 10.1093/jmedent/35.6.948
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00428477

J. Trape and A. Zoulani, Malaria and urbanization in central Africa: the example of Brazzaville. Part II: Results of entomological surveys and epidemiological analysis, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, issue.2, pp.8110-8128, 1987.

B. Khaemba, A. Mutani, and M. Bett, Studies of anopheline mosquitoes transmitting malaria in a newly developed highland urban area: a case study of Moi University and its environs, East Afr Med J, issue.3, pp.71159-164, 1994.

B. Jacob, E. Muturi, J. Funes, J. Shililu, J. Githure et al., A grid-based infrastructure for ecological forecasting of rice land Anopheles arabiensis aquatic larval habitats, Malaria Journal, vol.5, issue.1, p.91, 2006.
DOI : 10.1186/1475-2875-5-91

B. Jacob, E. Muturi, P. Halbig, J. Mwangangi, R. Wanjogu et al., Environmental abundance of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) larval habitats on land cover change sites in Karima Village, Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya, Am J Trop Med Hyg, vol.76, issue.1, pp.73-80, 2007.

J. Keating, K. Macintyre, C. Mbogo, J. Githure, and J. Beier, Characterization of potential larval habitats for Anopheles mosquitoes in relation to urban land-use in Malindi, Kenya, International Journal of Health Geographics, vol.3, issue.1, p.9, 2004.
DOI : 10.1186/1476-072X-3-9

R. Carter, K. Mendis, and D. Roberts, Spatial targeting of interventions against malaria, Bull World Health Organ, vol.78, issue.12, pp.1401-1411, 2000.

S. Connor, M. Thomson, S. Flasse, and A. Perryman, Environmental Information Systems in Malaria Risk Mapping and Epidemic Forecasting, Disasters, vol.22, issue.1, pp.39-56, 1998.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-7717.00074

J. Omumbo, J. Ouma, B. Rapuoda, M. Craig, D. Le-sueur et al., Mapping malaria transmission intensity using geographical information systems (GIS): an example from Kenya, Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology, vol.50, issue.1, pp.7-21, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/0169-4758(96)10015-6

J. Mouchet, S. Blanchy, A. Rakotonjanabelo, G. Ranaivoson, E. Rajaonarivelo et al., Stratification épidémiologique du paludisme à Madagascar, Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar, vol.60, issue.1 2, pp.50-59, 1993.

D. Fontenille and I. Rakotoarivony, Reappearance of Anopheles funestus as a malaria vector in the Antananarivo region, Madagascar, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol.82, issue.4, pp.644-645, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0035-9203(88)90545-7

S. Laventure, J. Mouchet, S. Blanchy, L. Marrama, P. Rabarison et al., Le riz source de vie et de mort sur les plateaux de Madagascar, Sante, vol.6, issue.2, pp.79-86, 1996.

S. Blanchy, A. Rakotonjanabelo, G. Ranaivoson, and E. Rajaonarivelo, Epidémiologie du paludisme sur les Hautes Terres Malgaches depuis 1978, Cahiers Santé, vol.3, pp.155-161, 1993.

S. Cot, R. Matra, L. Rabarijaona, V. Robert, L. Raharimalala et al., Mise en évidence d'une transmission urbaine autochtone du paludisme à Antananarivo Madagascar, Med Trop (Mars), vol.66, issue.2, pp.143-148, 2006.

V. Robert, L. Goff, G. Ariey, F. Duchemin, and J. , A possible alternative method for collecting mosquito larvae in rice fields, Malar J, vol.1, issue.4, 2002.

J. Scott, W. Brogdon, and F. Collins, Identification of single specimens of the Anopheles gambiae complex by the polymerase chain reaction

A. Cornel and F. Collins, PCR of the Ribosomal DNA Intergenic Spacer Regions as a Method for Identifying Mosquitoes in the Anopheles gambiae Complex, Methods Mol Biol, vol.50, pp.321-332, 1996.
DOI : 10.1385/0-89603-323-6:321

R. Wirtz, F. Zavala, Y. Charoenvit, G. Campbell, T. Burkot et al., Comparative testing of monoclonal antibodies against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites for ELISA development, Bull World Health Organ, vol.65, issue.1, pp.39-45, 1987.

C. Tse and J. Capeau, Quantification des acides nucléiques par PCR quantitative en temps réel, Ann Biol Clin, vol.61, issue.3, pp.279-293, 2003.

A. Mandimbiharison and L. R. , Utilisation des SIG et de la télédétection pour la gestion de l'environnement urbain: cas de la ville d'Antananarivo (Madagascar). Télédétection, pp.2-3, 2003.

S. Kaya, J. Sokol, and T. Pultz, Monitoring environmental indicators of vector-borne disease from space: a new opportunity for RADARSAT-2, Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing, vol.50, issue.8, pp.560-565, 2004.
DOI : 10.5589/m04-012

R. Randremanana, R. Migliani, S. Rakotomanga, and J. I. , Système d'Information Géographique et Santé: application à la ville d'Antananarivo, Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar, vol.67, issue.12, pp.74-78, 2001.

E. Muturi, S. Muriu, J. Shililu, J. Mwangangi, B. Jacob et al., Effect of rice cultivation on malaria transmission in central Kenya, Am J Trop Med Hyg, vol.78, issue.2, pp.270-275, 2008.

B. Jacob, J. Regens, C. Mbogo, A. Githeko, J. Keating et al., Occurrence and Distribution of <I>Anopheles</I> (Diptera: Culicidae) Larval Habitats on Land Cover Change Sites in Urban Kisumu and Urban Malindi, Kenya, Journal of Medical Entomology, vol.40, issue.6, pp.40777-784, 2003.
DOI : 10.1603/0022-2585-40.6.777

R. Jambou, M. Tombo, L. Raharimalala, A. Rakotonjanabelo, T. Rabe et al., Le paludisme à Antananarivo: évaluation d'une situation post-épidémique, Sante, vol.8, issue.4, pp.257-264, 1998.

D. Baudon, F. Louis, and G. Martet, En Afrique, le paludisme urbain est le paludisme de demain, Med Trop, vol.56, issue.4, pp.323-325, 1996.

J. Cohen, K. Ernst, K. Lindblade, J. Vulule, C. John et al., Topography-derived wetness indices are associated with household-level malaria risk in two communities in the western Kenyan highlands, Malaria Journal, vol.7, issue.1, p.40, 2008.
DOI : 10.1186/1475-2875-7-40