S. Short, B. Merkel, R. Caffrey, and K. Mccoy, Defective antigen processing correlates with a low level of intracellular glutathione, European Journal of Immunology, vol.149, issue.12, pp.3015-3020, 1996.
DOI : 10.1002/eji.1830261229

D. Weiskopf, A. Schwanninger, B. Weinberger, G. Almanzar, and W. Parson, Oxidative stress can alter the antigenicity of immunodominant peptides, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol.87, issue.1, pp.1-8, 2010.
DOI : 10.1189/jlb.0209065

O. Preynat-seauve, S. Coudurier, A. Favier, P. Marche, and C. Villiers, Oxidative stress impairs intracellular events involved in antigen processing and presentation to T cells, Cell Stress & Chaperones, vol.234, issue.2, pp.162-171, 2003.
DOI : 10.1379/1466-1268(2003)008<0162:OSIIEI>2.0.CO;2

Y. Koike, T. Hisada, M. Utsugi, T. Ishizuka, and Y. Shimizu, Glutathione Redox Regulates Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Airway Inflammation in Mice, American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, vol.37, issue.3, 2007.
DOI : 10.1165/rcmb.2006-0423OC

Y. Murata, T. Shimamura, and J. Hamuro, The polarization of T(h)1 T, 2002.

Y. Murata, M. Amao, J. Yoneda, and J. Hamuro, Intracellular thiol redox status of macrophages directs the Th1 skewing in thioredoxin transgenic mice during aging, Molecular Immunology, vol.38, issue.10, pp.747-757, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0161-5890(01)00111-0

K. Dobashi, M. Ahiara, T. Araki, Y. Shimizu, and M. Utsugi, Regulation of LPS induced IL-12 production by IFN-gamma and IL-4 through intracellular glutathione status in human alveolar macrophages, Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol.11, issue.5, pp.290-296, 2001.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.272.16.10389

Y. Kamide, M. Utsugi, K. Dobashi, A. Ono, and T. Ishizuka, Intracellular glutathione redox status in human dendritic cells regulates IL-27 production and T-cell polarization, Allergy, vol.124, issue.9, pp.1183-1192, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02611.x

K. Murphy and S. Reiner, Decision making in the immune system: The lineage decisions of helper T cells, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.17, issue.12, pp.933-944, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/nri954

G. Trinchieri, Interleukin-12 and the regulation of innate resistance and adaptive immunity, Nature Reviews Immunology, vol.3, issue.2, pp.133-146, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/nri1001

M. Utsugi, K. Dobashi, Y. Koga, Y. Shimizu, and T. Ishizuka, Glutathione redox regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced IL-12 production through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in human monocytes: role of glutathione redox in IFN-c priming of IL-12 production, J Leuk Biol, vol.71, pp.339-347, 2002.

K. Alam, S. Ghousunnissa, S. Nair, V. Valluri, and S. Mukhopadhyay, Glutathione-Redox Balance Regulates c-rel-Driven IL-12 Production in Macrophages: Possible Implications in Antituberculosis Immunotherapy, The Journal of Immunology, vol.184, issue.6, pp.339-347, 2010.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.0900439

M. Aihara, K. Dobashi, M. Akiyama, I. Naruse, and T. Nakazawa, Effects of N-Acetylcysteine and Ambroxol on the Production of IL-12 and IL-10 in Human Alveolar Macrophages, Respiration, vol.67, issue.6, pp.662-671, 2000.
DOI : 10.1159/000056297

S. Pflanz, J. Timans, J. Cheung, R. Rosales, and H. Kanzler, IL-27, a Heterodimeric Cytokine Composed of EBI3 and p28 Protein, Induces Proliferation of Naive CD4+ T Cells, Immunity, vol.16, issue.6, pp.779-790, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1074-7613(02)00324-2

M. Batten and N. Ghilardi, The biology and therapeutic potential of interleukin 27, Journal of Molecular Medicine, vol.11, issue.7, pp.661-672, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s00109-007-0164-7

A. Fraternale, M. Paoletti, S. Dominici, A. Caputo, and A. Castaldello, The increase in intra-macrophage thiols induced by new pro-GSH molecules directs the Th1 skewing in ovalbumin immunized mice, Vaccine, vol.28, issue.48, pp.7676-7682, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.09.033

A. Fraternale, M. Paoletti, S. Dominici, C. Buondelmonte, and A. Caputo, Modulation of Th1/Th2 immune responses to HIV-1 Tat by new pro-GSH molecules, Vaccine, vol.29, issue.40, pp.6823-6829, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.101

A. Palamara, G. Brandi, L. Rossi, E. Millo, and U. Benatti, New Synthetic Glutathione Derivatives with Increased Antiviral Activities, Antiviral Chemistry and Chemotherapy, vol.81, issue.2, pp.83-91, 2004.
DOI : 10.1177/095632020401500204

R. Sgarbanti, L. Nencioni, D. Amatore, P. Coluccio, and A. Fraternale, Redox Regulation of the Influenza Hemagglutinin Maturation Process: A New Cell-Mediated Strategy for Anti-Influenza Therapy, Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, vol.15, issue.3, pp.593-606, 2011.
DOI : 10.1089/ars.2010.3512

J. Oiry, P. Mialocq, J. Puy, P. Fretier, and N. Dereuddre-bosquet, -acetylcysteamine Analogues with Potent Antioxidant and Anti-HIV Activities, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol.47, issue.7, pp.1789-1795, 2004.
DOI : 10.1021/jm030374d
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00458397

A. Fraternale, M. Paoletti, A. Casabianca, C. Orlandi, and G. Schiavano, Inhibition of murine AIDS by pro-glutathione (GSH) molecules, Antiviral Research, vol.77, issue.2, pp.120-127, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.11.004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00276129

U. Gubler, A. Chua, D. Schoenhaut, C. Dwyer, and W. Mccomas, Coexpression of two distinct genes is required to generate secreted bioactive cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, pp.4143-4147, 1991.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.88.10.4143

A. Takeda, S. Hamnao, A. Yamanaka, T. Hanada, and T. Ishibashi, Cutting Edge: Role of IL-27/WSX-1 Signaling for Induction of T-Bet Through Activation of STAT1 During Initial Th1 Commitment, The Journal of Immunology, vol.170, issue.10, pp.4886-4890, 2003.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.170.10.4886

D. Artis, L. Johnson, K. Joyce, C. Saris, and A. Villarino, Cutting Edge: Early IL-4 Production Governs the Requirement for IL-27-WSX-1 Signaling in the Development of Protective Th1 Cytokine Responses following Leishmania major Infection, The Journal of Immunology, vol.172, issue.8, pp.4672-4675, 2004.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.172.8.4672

T. Murphy, M. Cleveland, P. Kulesza, J. Magram, and K. Murphy, Regulation of interleukin 12 p40 expression through an NF-kB half-site, Mol Cell Biol, vol.17, pp.5258-5267, 1995.

A. Beg and A. Baldwin, The I kappa B proteins: multifunctional regulators of Rel/NF-kappa B transcription factors., Genes & Development, vol.7, issue.11, pp.2064-2070, 1993.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.7.11.2064

S. Ghosh, M. May, and E. Kopp, NF-??B AND REL PROTEINS: Evolutionarily Conserved Mediators of Immune Responses, Annual Review of Immunology, vol.16, issue.1, pp.225-260, 1998.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.immunol.16.1.225

M. Hayden and S. Ghosh, Signaling to NF-??B, Genes & Development, vol.18, issue.18, pp.2195-2224, 2004.
DOI : 10.1101/gad.1228704

J. Liu, X. Guan, and X. Ma, Regulation of IL-27 p28 gene expression in macrophages through MyD88- and interferon-?????mediated pathways, The Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol.13, issue.1, pp.141-152, 2007.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.272.16.10389

J. Zhang, X. Qian, H. Ning, Y. J. Xiong, and H. , Activation of IL-27 p28 Gene Transcription by Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 in Cooperation with Interferon Regulatory Factor 1, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.285, issue.28, pp.21269-21281, 2010.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M110.100818

M. Chatterjee-kishore, R. Kishore, D. Hicklin, F. Marincola, and S. Ferrone, Different Requirements for Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1?? and Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 in the Regulation of Low Molecular Mass Polypeptide 2 and Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing 1 Gene Expression, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.273, issue.26, pp.16177-16183, 1998.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.26.16177

H. Harada, E. Takahashi, S. Itoh, K. Harada, and T. Hori, Structure and regulation of the human interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) and IRF, 1994.

J. Ihle, B. Witthuhn, F. Quelle, K. Yamamoto, and W. Thierfelder, Signaling by the cytokine receptor superfamily: JAKs and STATs, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, vol.19, issue.5, pp.222-227, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0968-0004(94)90026-4

J. Oiry, P. Mialocq, J. Puy, P. Fretier, and P. Clayette, NAC/MEA Conjugate: A New Potent Antioxidant which Increases the GSH Level in Various Cell Lines, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, vol.11, issue.9, pp.1189-1191, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0960-894X(01)00171-8

F. Tietze, Enzymic method for quantitative determination of nanogram amounts of total and oxidized glutathione: Applications to mammalian blood and other tissues, Analytical Biochemistry, vol.27, issue.3, pp.502-522, 1969.
DOI : 10.1016/0003-2697(69)90064-5

E. Beutler, Reduced glutathione (GSH) In: Red cell metabolism. A manual of biochemical methods, pp.131-133, 1984.

C. Sen and L. Packer, Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription, The FASEB J, vol.10, pp.709-718, 1996.

T. Hayashi, Y. Ueno, and T. Okamoto, Oxidoreductive regulation of nuclear factor k B. Involvement of a cellular reducing catalyst thioredoxin, J Biol Chem, vol.268, pp.11380-11388, 1993.

M. Toledano, D. Ghosh, F. Trinh, and W. Leonard, N-terminal DNA-binding domains contribute to differential DNA-binding specificities of NF-kappa B p50 and p65., Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol.13, issue.2, pp.852-860, 1993.
DOI : 10.1128/MCB.13.2.852

N. Reynaert, . Van-der, A. Vliet, A. Guala, T. Mcgovern et al., Dynamic redox control of NF-??B through glutaredoxin-regulated S-glutathionylation of inhibitory ??B kinase beta, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.103, issue.35, pp.13086-13091, 2006.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0603290103

I. Kil, S. Kim, and J. Park, Glutathionylation regulates I??B, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.373, issue.1, pp.169-173, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.06.007

P. Seidel, M. Roth, Q. Ge, I. Merfort, S. Ng et al., I??B?? glutathionylation and reduced histone H3 phosphorylation inhibit eotaxin and RANTES, European Respiratory Journal, vol.38, issue.6, pp.1444-1452, 2011.
DOI : 10.1183/09031936.00129610

H. Lou and N. Kaplowitz, Glutathione Depletion Down-regulates Tumor Necrosis Factor ??-induced NF-??B Activity via I??B Kinase-dependent and -independent Mechanisms, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.282, issue.40, pp.29470-29481, 2007.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M706145200

Y. Li, Z. Zhang, Y. Xu, W. Ni, and S. Chen, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate inhibited nuclear factor-kappaB activation in alveolar macrophages by different mechanisms, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, vol.13, issue.3, pp.339-346, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.273.45.29411

J. Smith, C. Patil, S. Patlolla, B. Gunter, and G. Booz, Identification of a redox-sensitive switch within the JAK2 catalytic domain, Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol.52, issue.6, pp.1101-1110, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.12.025

S. Salsman, K. Hensley, and R. Floyd, , and Microperoxidase, Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, vol.7, issue.7-8, pp.1078-1088, 2005.
DOI : 10.1089/ars.2005.7.1078

C. Dunston and H. Griffiths, The effect of ageing on macrophage Toll-like receptor-mediated responses in the fight against pathogens, Clinical & Experimental Immunology, vol.21, issue.3, pp.407-416, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04213.x

S. Frosch, U. Bonifas, H. Eck, M. Bockstette, and W. Droege, The efficient bovine insulin presentation capacity of bone marrow-derived macrophages activated by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor correlates with a high level of intracellular reducing thiols, European Journal of Immunology, vol.358, issue.7, pp.1430-1434, 1993.
DOI : 10.1002/eji.1830230704

H. Ichiki, T. Hoshino, T. Kinoshita, H. Imaoka, and S. Kato, Thioredoxin suppresses airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in asthma, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol.334, issue.4, pp.1141-1148, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.007

O. Lowry, N. Rosebrough, A. Farr, and R. Randall, Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent, J Biol Chem, vol.193, pp.265-275, 1951.

R. Crinelli, E. Carloni, E. Giacomini, A. Penna, and S. Dominici, Palytoxin and an Ostreopsis Toxin Extract Increase the Levels of mRNAs Encoding Inflammation-Related Proteins in Human Macrophages via p38 MAPK and NF-??B, PLoS ONE, vol.32, issue.6, p.38139, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0038139.t001