Assessment of poliovirus antibody seroprevalence in high risk areas for vaccine derived poliovirus transmission in Madagascar - RIIP - Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Heliyon Année : 2018

Assessment of poliovirus antibody seroprevalence in high risk areas for vaccine derived poliovirus transmission in Madagascar

Résumé

Background: Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV) outbreaks typically occur in areas of low poliovirus immunity. Madagascar successfully eradicated wild poliovirus in 1997; however, multiple VDPV outbreaks have occurred since then, and numerous vaccination campaigns have been carried out to control the VDPV outbreaks. We conducted a survey of poliovirus neutralizing antibodies among Malagasy children to assess performance of vaccination campaigns and estimate the risk of future VDPV outbreaks. Methods: This was a random community survey in children aged 6-11 months, 36-59 months and 5-14 years of age in high risk areas of Madagascar (Mahajanga, Toliara, Antsalova, and Midongy-atsimo); and in a reference area (Antananarivo). After obtaining informed consent, basic demographic and vaccination history, 2 mL of peripheral blood were collected. Neutralizing antibodies against all three poliovirus serotypes were detected by using a standard microneutralization assay. Results: There were 1500 children enrolled and 1496 (>99%) provided sufficient quantity of blood for analysis. Seroprevalence for poliovirus type 1 (PV1) was >90% in all age groups and study areas. PV2 seroprevalence ranged between 75-100%; it was lowest in the youngest age group in Midongy and Toliara. PV3 seroprevalence ranged between 79-100%. Seroprevalence in the reference area was not significantly different from polio high risk sites. Discussion: Madagascar achieved high population immunity. In order to preserve these gains, routine immunization needs to be strengthened. Currently, the risk of new VDPV emergences in Madagascar appears low.
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pasteur-01798218 , version 1 (23-05-2018)

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Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification

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Richter Razafindratsimandresy, Ondrej Mach, Jean-Michel Heraud, Barivola Bernardson, William C Weldon, et al.. Assessment of poliovirus antibody seroprevalence in high risk areas for vaccine derived poliovirus transmission in Madagascar. Heliyon, 2018, 4 (3), pp.e00563. ⟨10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00563⟩. ⟨pasteur-01798218⟩
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