Bacterial Infections in Neonates, Madagascar, 2012–2014

Bich-Tram Huynh (1) , Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin (2, 3, 4) , Perlinot Herindrainy (5) , Michael Padget (1) , Feno Jacob Rakotoarimanana (5) , Herisoa Feno (5) , Elisoa Hariniaina-Ratsima (5) , Tanjona Raheliarivao (5) , Awa Ndir (6) , Sophie Goyet (7) , Patrice Piola (5) , Frédérique Randrianirina (5) , Benoit Garin (5) , Jean-Marc Collard (5) , Didier Guillemot (1) , Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau (1)

1 IP - Institut Pasteur [Paris]
2 Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]
3 AP-HP - Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)
4 UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5
5 Institut Pasteur de Madagascar
6 Institut Pasteur de Dakar
7 Institut Pasteur du Cambodge

Severe bacterial infections are a leading cause of death among neonates in low-income countries, which harbor several factors leading to emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Low-income countries should prioritize interventions to decrease neonatal infections; however, data are scarce, specifically from the community. To assess incidence, etiologies, and antimicrobial drug-resistance patterns of neonatal infections, during 2012-2014, we conducted a community-based prospective investigation of 981 newborns in rural and urban areas of Madagascar. The incidence of culture-confirmed severe neonatal infections was high: 17.7 cases/1,000 live births. Most (75%) occurred during the first week of life. The most common (81%) bacteria isolated were gram-negative. The incidence rate for multidrug-resistant neonatal infection was 7.7 cases/1,000 live births. In Madagascar, interventions to improve prevention, early diagnosis, and management of bacterial infections in neonates should be prioritized.

Mots clés: developing countries; bacterial infection; bacteria; antimicrobial resistance; Madagascar; infant; low-income countries; drug resistance; neonate; newborn

Domaines: Pédiatrie; Maladies infectieuses

Bich-Tram Huynh, Elsa Kermorvant-Duchemin, Perlinot Herindrainy, Michael Padget, Feno Jacob Rakotoarimanana, et al.. Bacterial Infections in Neonates, Madagascar, 2012–2014. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2018, 24 (4), pp.710-717. ⟨10.3201/eid2404.161977⟩. ⟨pasteur-01955491⟩