Antigenic evolution of dengue viruses over 20 years

Leah C. Katzelnick (1, 2) , Ana Coello Escoto (1, 2) , Angkana T. Huang (1, 3) , Bernardo Garcia-Carreras (1) , Nayeem Chowdhury (1) , Irina Maljkovic Berry (4) , Chris Chavez (1) , Philippe Buchy (5) , Veasna Duong (6) , Philippe Dussart (6) , Gregory Gromowski (4) , Louis Macareo (3) , Butsaya Thaisomboonsuk (3) , Stefan Fernandez (3) , Derek J. Smith (7) , Richard Jarman (4) , Stephen S. Whitehead (2) , Henrik Salje (1, 7) , Derek A. T. Cummings (1)

1 UF - University of Florida [Gainesville]
2 NIAID-NIH - National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda]
3 AFRIMS - Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences [Bangkok]
4 Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
5 GSK - GlaxoSmithKline
6 Institut Pasteur du Cambodge
7 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]

Infection with one of dengue viruses 1 to 4 (DENV1-4) induces protective antibodies against homotypic infection. However, a notable feature of dengue viruses is the ability to use preexisting heterotypic antibodies to infect Fcγ receptor–bearing immune cells, leading to higher viral load and immunopathological events that augment disease. We tracked the antigenic dynamics of each DENV serotype by using 1944 sequenced isolates from Bangkok, Thailand, between 1994 and 2014 (348 strains), in comparison with regional and global DENV antigenic diversity (64 strains). Over the course of 20 years, the Thailand DENV serotypes gradually evolved away from one another. However, for brief periods, the serotypes increased in similarity, with corresponding changes in epidemic magnitude. Antigenic evolution within a genotype involved a trade-off between two types of antigenic change (within-serotype and between-serotype), whereas genotype replacement resulted in antigenic change away from all serotypes. These findings provide insights into theorized dynamics in antigenic evolution.

Domains: Virology; Modeling and Simulation

Leah C. Katzelnick, Ana Coello Escoto, Angkana T. Huang, Bernardo Garcia-Carreras, Nayeem Chowdhury, et al.. Antigenic evolution of dengue viruses over 20 years. Science, 2021, 374 (6570), pp.999-1004. ⟨10.1126/science.abk0058⟩. ⟨pasteur-03576364⟩