GW170104: Observation of a 50-solar-mass binary black hole coalescence at redshift 0.2

Benjamin P. Abbott , Rich Abbott , Thomas D. Abbott , Fausto Acernese , Kendall Ackley , Carl Adams , Thomas Adams (1) , Paolo Addesso , Rana X. Adhikari , Vaishali B. Adya , Christoph Affeldt , Mohammad Afrough , Bhanu Agarwal , Michalis Agathos , Kazuhiro Agatsuma , Nancy Aggarwal , Odylio D. Aguiar , Lorenzo Aiello , Anirban Ain , P. Ajith , Bruce Allen , Gabrielle Allen , Annalisa Allocca , Paul A. Altin , A. Amato (2) , Alena Ananyeva , Stuart B. Anderson , Warren G. Anderson , Sarah Antier (3) , Stephen Appert , Koji Arai , Melody C. Araya , Joseph S. Areeda , Nicolas Arnaud (3) , Kg G. Arun , Stefano Ascenzi , Gregory Ashton , M. Ast , Stuart M. Aston , Pia Astone , Peter Aufmuth , Carsten Aulbert , K. Aultoneal , A. Avila-Alvarez , Stanislav Babak , Philippe Bacon (4) , Maria K.M. Bader , Sangwook Bae , Paul T. Baker , Francesca Baldaccini , Giulio Ballardin , Stefan W. Ballmer , Sharan Banagiri , Juan C. Barayoga , Sheena E. Barclay , Barry C. Barish , David Barker , Fabrizio Barone , Bryan Barr , Lisa Barsotti , Matteo Barsuglia (4) , Daniel Barta , Jeffrey Bartlett , Imre Bartos , Riccardo Bassiri , Andrea Basti , James C. Batch , Christoph Baune , M. Bawaj , Marco Bazzan , Bence Bécsy , Christian Beer , Michal Bejger , Imene Belahcene (3) , Angus S. Bell , Beverly K. Berger , Gerald Bergmann , Christopher P.L. Berry , Diego Bersanetti , Alessandro Bertolini , Joseph Betzwieser , Swetha Bhagwat , Rohan Bhandare , Igor A. Bilenko , Garilynn Billingsley , Chris R. Billman , Jeremy Birch , Ross Birney , Ofek Birnholtz , Sebastien Biscans , Aparna Bisht , Massimiliano Bitossi , Christopher Biwer , Marieanne A. Bizouard (3) , J.K. Blackburn , Jonathan Blackman , Carl D. Blair , David G. Blair , Ryan M. Blair , Steven Bloemen , Oliver Bock , Nina Bode , Michel Boer (5) , Gilles Bogaert (5) , Alejandro Bohe , Francois Bondu (6) , Romain Bonnand (1) , Boris A. Boom , Rolf Bork , Valerio Boschi , Sukanta Bose , Yann Bouffanais (4) , Antonella Bozzi , Carlo Bradaschia , Patrick R. Brady , Vladimir B. Braginsky , Marica Branchesi , Jim E. Brau , Tristan Briant (7) , Alain Brillet (5) , Marc Brinkmann , Violette Brisson (3) , Patrick Brockill , Jacob E. Broida , Aidan F. Brooks , Duncan A. Brown , Daniel D. Brown , Nicolas M. Brown , Sharon Brunett , Christopher C. Buchanan , Aaron Buikema , Tomasz Bulik , Henk J. Bulten , Alessandra Buonanno , Damir Buskulic (1) , Christelle Buy (4) , Robert L. Byer , Miriam Cabero , Laura Cadonati , Giampietro Cagnoli (2, 8) , Craig Cahillane , J. Calderón Bustillo , Thomas A. Callister , Enrico Calloni , Jordan B. Camp , Maurizio Canepa , Priscilla Canizares , Kipp C. Cannon , H. Cao , Junwei Cao , Collin D. Capano , Eleonora Capocasa (4) , Franco Carbognani , Santiago Caride , Matthew F. Carney , J. Casanueva Diaz (3) , Claudio Casentini , Sarah Caudill , Marco Cavaglià , Fabien Cavalier (3) , Roberto Cavalieri , Giancarlo Cella , Christian B. Cepeda , L. Cerboni Baiardi , Giovanni Cerretani , Elisabetta Cesarini , Sydney J. Chamberlin , Manleong Chan , Shiuh Chao , Philip Charlton , E. Chassande-Mottin (4) , Deep Chatterjee , K. Chatziioannou , Belinda D. Cheeseboro , H.Y. Chen , Yanbei Chen , H.-P. Cheng , Andrea Chincarini , Antonino Chiummo , Theresa Chmiel , Heesuk S. Cho , M. Cho , Jong H. Chow , Nelson Christensen (5) , Qi Chu , Alvin J.K. Chua , Sheon Chua (7) , Shinkee Chung , Giacomo Ciani , Riccardo Ciolfi , Carissa E. Cirelli , Alessio Cirone , Filiberto Clara , James A. Clark , Frederic Cleva (5) , Camillo Cocchieri , Eugenio Coccia , P.-F. Cohadon (7) , Alberto Colla , Christophe G. Collette , Lynn R. Cominsky , M. Constancio , Livia Conti , Sam J. Cooper , Paul Corban , Thomas R. Corbitt , Kenneth R. Corley , Neil Cornish , Alessandra Corsi , Stefano Cortese , Cesar A. Costa , Michael W. Coughlin , Scott B. Coughlin , J.-P. Coulon (5) , Stefan T. Countryman , Peter Couvares , Pep B. Covas , Erika E. Cowan , David M. Coward , Matthew J. Cowart , Dennis C. Coyne , Robert Coyne , Jolien D.E. Creighton , Teviet D. Creighton , Jonathan Cripe , Sgwynne G. Crowder , Torrey J. Cullen , Alan Cumming , Liam Cunningham , Elena Cuoco , Tito Dal Canton , Stefan L. Danilishin , S. d'Antonio , Karsten Danzmann , Arnab Dasgupta , C.F. da Silva Costa , Vincenzo Dattilo , Ishant Dave , Michel Davier (3) , Derek Davis , Edward J. Daw , Brian Day , Soumi De , D. Debra , Ewa Deelman , Jerome Degallaix (2) , M. de Laurentis , Samuel Deléglise (7) , W. del Pozzo , Timo Denker , Thomas Dent , Vladimir Dergachev , R. De Rosa , R.T. Derosa , R. Desalvo , Jan Devenson , Richard C. Devine , Sanjeev Dhurandhar , Mario C. Díaz , L. Di Fiore , M. Di Giovanni , T. Di Girolamo , A. Di Lieto , S. Di Pace , I. Di Palma , F. Di Renzo , Zoheyr Doctor , Vincent Dolique (2) , Fred Donovan , Katherine L. Dooley , Suresh Doravari , Iain Dorrington , Rebecca Douglas , M. Dovale Álvarez , Thomas P. Downes , Marco Drago , R.W.P. Drever , Jenne C. Driggers , Zhihui Du , Marine Ducrot (1) , Jessie Duncan , Sheila E. Dwyer , Tega B. Edo , Matthew C. Edwards , Anamaria Effler , H.-B. Eggenstein , Phil Ehrens , Johannes Eichholz , Stephen S. Eikenberry , Robert A. Eisenstein , Reed C. Essick , Zachariah B. Etienne , Todd Etzel , Matthew Evans , Tom M. Evans , Maxim Factourovich , Viviana Fafone , Hannah Fair , Stephen Fairhurst , Xilong Fan , Stefania Farinon , Benjamin Farr , Will M. Farr , E.J. Fauchon-Jones , Marc Favata , Maxime Fays , Henning Fehrmann , Jon Feicht , Martin M. Fejer , A. Fernandez-Galiana , Isidoro Ferrante , Elvis C. Ferreira , Federico Ferrini , Francesco Fidecaro , Irene Fiori , Donatella Fiorucci (4) , Ryan P. Fisher , Raffaele Flaminio (2) , Mark Fletcher , Heather Fong , Perry W.F. Forsyth , Steven S. Forsyth , J.-D. Fournier (5) , Sergio Frasca , Franco Frasconi , Zsolt Frei , Andreas Freise , Raymond Frey , Valentin Frey (3) , Eric M. Fries , Peter Fritschel , Valery V. Frolov , Paul Fulda , Michael Fyffe , Hunter Gabbard , Matthew Gabel , Bhooshan U. Gadre , Sebastian M. Gaebel , Jonathan R. Gair , Luca Gammaitoni , Miftar R. Ganija , Sharad G. Gaonkar , Fabio Garufi , Sergio Gaudio , Gurudatt Gaur , V. Gayathri , Neil Gehrels , Gianluca Gemme , Eric Genin , Alberto Gennai , Daniel George , Jogy George , Laszlo Gergely , Vincent Germain (1) , Sudarshan Ghonge , Abhirup Ghosh , Archisman Ghosh , Shaon Ghosh , Joe A. Giaime , K.D. Giardina , Adalberto Giazotto , Kiranjyot Gill , Lamar Glover , Evan Goetz , Ryan Goetz , Sandra Gomes , Gabriela González , J.M. Gonzalez Castro , A. Gopakumar , Michael L. Gorodetsky , Sarah E. Gossan , M. 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Howell , Yiming M. Hu , Eliu A. Huerta , Dominique Huet (3) , Brennan Hughey , Sascha Husa , Sabina H. Huttner , T. Huynh-Dinh , Nathaniel Indik , Dale R. Ingram , Ra Inta , Giuseppe Intini , Hafizah N. Isa , J.-M. Isac (7) , Max Isi , Bala R. Iyer , Kiwamu Izumi , Thibaut Jacqmin (7) , Karan Jani , Piotr Jaranowski , Sharat Jawahar , F. Jiménez-Forteza , Warren W. Johnson , N.K. Johnson-Mcdaniel , D.I. Jones , Russell Jones , Reinier J.G. Jonker , L. Ju , Jonas Junker , Chinmay V. Kalaghatgi , Vassiliki Kalogera , Shivaraj Kandhasamy , Gungwon Kang , Jonah B. Kanner , Sudarshan Karki , Kai S. Karvinen , Marie Kasprzack , Michael Katolik , Erik Katsavounidis , William Katzman , Steffen Kaufer , Keita Kawabe , Fabien Kéfélian (5) , David Keitel , Athol J. Kemball , Ross Kennedy , Christopher Kent , Joey S. Key , Farit Y. Khalili , I. Khan , Sebastian Khan , Ziauddin Khan , Efim A. Khazanov , Nutsinee Kijbunchoo , Chunglee Kim , Jeongcho C. Kim , Won Kim , Whansun S. Kim , Y.-M. Kim , Seth J. Kimbrell , Eleanor J. King , Peter J. King , Robin Kirchhoff , Jeffrey S. Kissel , Lisa Kleybolte , Sergei Klimenko , Philip Koch , Sina M. Koehlenbeck , S. Koley , Veronica Kondrashov , Antonios Kontos , Mikhail Korobko , William Z. Korth , Izabela Kowalska , Dan B. Kozak , Christina Krämer , Volker Kringel , Badri Krishnan , Andrzej Królak , Gerrit Kuehn , Prayush Kumar , Rakesh Kumar , Sumit Kumar , L. Kuo , Adam Kutynia , Shawn Kwang , Benjamin D. Lackey , K.H. Lai , Michael Landry , Ryan N. Lang , Jacob Lange , Brian Lantz , Robert K. Lanza , A. Lartaux-Vollard (3) , Paul D. Lasky , Michael Laxen , Albert Lazzarini , Claudia Lazzaro , Paola Leaci , Sean Leavey , C.H. Lee , Hyunkyu K. Lee , H.M. Lee , Hyungwon W. Lee , K. Lee , Johannes Lehmann , Amber Lenon , Matteo Leonardi , Nicolas Leroy (3) , Nicolas Letendre (1) , Yuri Levin , Tjonnie G.F. Li , Adam Libson , Tyson B. Littenberg , J. Liu , R.K.L. Lo , Nick A. Lockerbie , Lionel T. London , Jaysin E. Lord , Matteo Lorenzini , Vincent Loriette (9) , Marc Lormand , Giovanni Losurdo , James D. Lough , Geoffrey Lovelace , Harald Lück , D. Lumaca , Andrew P. Lundgren , Ryan Lynch , Y. Ma , Sean Macfoy , Bernd Machenschalk , M. Macinnis , Duncan M. Macleod , I. Magaña Hernandez , F. Magaña-Sandoval , L. Magaña Zertuche , Ryan M. Magee , Ettore Majorana , Ivan Maksimovic (9) , N. Man (5) , Vuk Mandic , Valentina Mangano , Georgia L. Mansell , Michael Manske , Maddalena Mantovani , Fabio Marchesoni , Frederique Marion (1) , Szabolcs Márka , Zsuzsanna Márka , Charalampos Markakis , Ashot S. Markosyan , E. Maros , Filippo Martelli , Lionel Martellini (5) , Ian W. Martin , Denis V. Martynov , Jay N. Marx , Ken Mason , Alain Masserot (1) , Thomas J. Massinger , M. Masso-Reid , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Andrew Matas , Fabrice Matichard , Luca Matone , Nergis Mavalvala , Rajiv Mayani , Nairwita Mazumder , R. Mccarthy , D.E. Mcclelland , S. Mccormick , L. Mcculler , S.C. Mcguire , G. Mcintyre , J. Mciver , David J. Mcmanus , T. Mcrae , S.T. Mcwilliams , Duncan Meacher , Grant D. Meadors , Jeroen Meidam , E. Mejuto-Villa , Andrew Melatos , Gregory Mendell , R.A. Mercer , Edmond L. Merilh , Mourad Merzougui (5) , Syd Meshkov , Chris Messenger , Cody Messick , R. Metzdorff (7) , Patrick M. Meyers , F. Mezzani , Haixing Miao , Christophe Michel (2) , Hannah Middleton , Eugeniy E. Mikhailov , Leopoldo Milano , Andrewlawrence L. Miller , Andrewlawrence Miller , Brandon B. Miller , John Miller , Meg Millhouse , Olivier Minazzoli (5) , Yuri Minenkov , Jing Ming , Chandra Mishra , Sanjit Mitra , Valery P. Mitrofanov , Guenakh Mitselmakher , Richard Mittleman , A. Moggi , Martin Mohan , S.R.P. Mohapatra , Matteo Montani , Blake C. Moore , Christopher J. Moore , Dan Moraru , Gerardo Moreno , Sean R. Morriss , Benoit Mours (1) , C.M. Mow-Lowry , Guido Mueller , Alistair W. 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Sanders , Benoit Sassolas (2) , B.S. Sathyaprakash , Peter R. Saulson , Orion Sauter , Richard L. Savage , Andreas Sawadsky , Paul Schale , Jacob Scheuer , Eric Schmidt , Justus Schmidt , Patricia Schmidt , Roman Schnabel , Robert M.S. Schofield , Axel Schönbeck , Emil Schreiber , Dirk Schuette , Bernd W. Schulte , Bernard F. Schutz , Sophia G. Schwalbe , Jamie Scott , Susan M. Scott , E. Seidel , Danny Sellers , Anand S. Sengupta , Daniel Sentenac , Valeria Sequino , Alexander Sergeev , Daniel A. Shaddock , Thomas J. Shaffer , Ankur A. Shah , M.S. Shahriar , Lijing Shao , Brett Shapiro , Peter Shawhan , Alec Sheperd , David H. Shoemaker , Deirdre M. Shoemaker , Karelle Siellez , Xavier Siemens , Magdalena Sieniawska , Daniel Sigg , Allan D. Silva , Abe Singer , Leo P. Singer , Avneet Singh , Robinjeet Singh , Akshat Singhal , Alicia M. Sintes , Bram J.J. Slagmolen , Bryan Smith , Joshua R. Smith , Rory J.E. Smith , Edwin J. Son , Jacob A. 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Wang , Yan Wang , Robert L. Ward , Jim Warner , Michal Was (1) , Jennifer Watchi , Betsy Weaver , L.-W. Wei , Michael Weinert , Alan J. Weinstein , Rainer Weiss , Linqing Wen , Erik K. Wessel , Peter Weßels , Tobias Westphal , Karl Wette , John T. Whelan , Bernard F. Whiting , Chris Whittle , Daniel Williams , Roy D. Williams , Andrew R. Williamson , Joshua L. Willis , Benno Willke , Maximilian H. Wimmer , Walter Winkler , Christopher C. Wipf , Holger Wittel , Graham Woan , Janis Woehler , Jared Wofford , K.W.K. Wong , John Worden , Jennifer L. Wright , David S. Wu , Guimin Wu , William Yam , Hiro Yamamoto , Cregg C. Yancey , M.J. Yap , Hang Yu , Haocun Yu , Michel Yvert (1) , Adam Zadrożny , Michele Zanolin , Tatiana Zelenova , J.-P. Zendri , Michael Zevin , Liyuan Zhang , Mi Zhang , Teng Zhang , Y.-H. Zhang , Chunnong Zhao , Minchuan Zhou , Zifan Zhou , Xingjiang J. Zhu , A. Zimmerman , Michael E. Zucker , J. Zweizig

1 LAPP - Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules
2 LMA - Laboratoire des matériaux avancés
3 LAL - Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire
4 APC (UMR_7164) - AstroParticule et Cosmologie
5 ARTEMIS - Astrophysique Relativiste Théories Expériences Métrologie Instrumentation Signaux
6 IPR - Institut de Physique de Rennes
7 LKB [Collège de France] - Laboratoire Kastler Brossel
8 UCBL - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
9 ESPCI Paris - Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris

We describe the observation of GW170104, a gravitational-wave signal produced by the coalescence of a pair of stellar-mass black holes. The signal was measured on January 4, 2017 at 10∶11:58.6 UTC by the twin advanced detectors of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory during their second observing run, with a network signal-to-noise ratio of 13 and a false alarm rate less than 1 in 70 000 years. The inferred component black hole masses are 31. 2 + 8.4 − 6.0 M ⊙ and 19. 4 + 5.3 − 5.9 M ⊙ (at the 90% credible level). The black hole spins are best constrained through measurement of the effective inspiral spin parameter, a mass-weighted combination of the spin components perpendicular to the orbital plane, χ eff = − 0.1 2 + 0.21 − 0.30 . This result implies that spin configurations with both component spins positively aligned with the orbital angular momentum are disfavored. The source luminosity distance is 88 0 + 450 − 390     Mpc corresponding to a redshift of z = 0.1 8 + 0.08 − 0.07 . We constrain the magnitude of modifications to the gravitational-wave dispersion relation and perform null tests of general relativity. Assuming that gravitons are dispersed in vacuum like massive particles, we bound the graviton mass to m g ≤ 7.7 × 10 − 23     eV / c 2 . In all cases, we find that GW170104 is consistent with general relativity.

Keywords: black hole: spin; black hole: mass; black hole: binary: coalescence; mass: gravitation; graviton: mass; particle: massive; gravitational radiation; gravitational radiation: emission; gravitational radiation: direct detection; gravitational radiation detector; general relativity; dispersion relation; angular momentum; detector: network; LIGO; G033M

Domains: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc]; Astrophysics [astro-ph]

Benjamin P. Abbott, Rich Abbott, Thomas D. Abbott, Fausto Acernese, Kendall Ackley, et al.. GW170104: Observation of a 50-solar-mass binary black hole coalescence at redshift 0.2. Physical Review Letters, 2017, 118 (22), pp.221101. ⟨10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.221101⟩. ⟨hal-01645700⟩